Sciatica

Sciatica

Sciatica is a common condition characterised by pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back and buttock down the back of the leg. This pain can travel all the way to the foot.

In addition to pain, sciatica often comes with other symptoms, such as:

• Numbness or a loss of sensation.
• Tingling (paresthesia), often described as a “pins and needles” sensation.
• Muscle weakness in the affected leg.

What causes sciatica?

To effectively treat sciatica, it’s crucial to identify the underlying cause. Many factors can lead to sciatica, which are often related to pressure or irritation of the sciatic nerve or the nerve roots in the lower back. Common causes include:

• Spinal stenosis: A narrowing of the spaces within your spine, which can compress the nerves. This is often a result of aging, injury, or inflammatory conditions.
• Spondylolisthesis: A condition where a vertebra (one of the bones in your spine) slips forward, out of its proper position.
• Herniated or bulging disc: This is often referred to as a “slipped disc.” It occurs when one of the soft cushions between your vertebrae pushes out and presses on a nearby nerve.
• Piriformis syndrome: A condition where a muscle deep in the buttock (the piriformis muscle) spasms and irritates the sciatic nerve.
• Pregnancy: The increased weight and hormonal changes during pregnancy can sometimes put pressure on the sciatic nerve.
• Lumbar radiculopathy: This is a broader term for any condition that irritates or damages a nerve root in the lower back.
• Pelvic tumors: In rare cases, growths in the pelvic region can compress the sciatic nerve.
• Trauma to the leg: Injuries can directly affect the sciatic nerve’s path.

How is sciatica treated?

Because the cause of sciatica can vary widely, so does its treatment. A healthcare professional will create a personalised plan based on your specific diagnosis. Treatment options may include:

• Prescription medication: Such as anti-inflammatory drugs or muscle relaxants to manage pain and swelling.
• Targeted exercises & stretches: Designed to strengthen the core, improve flexibility, and reduce pressure on the nerve.
• Manual therapies: Including massage, Muscle Energy Techniques (MET’s) and joint mobilisations, to improve mobility and relieve muscle tension.
• Postural rehabilitation: Learning proper body mechanics and posture to prevent future irritation.
• And many other treatments, depending on the specific cause of your sciatica.